从副教授开始才有固定职位，也是欧美大学的普遍规则。比较一下我们上世纪八九十年代的情况，高考恢复后，因人才缺乏，本科生也可以留校；到九十年代，改成至少硕士；到新世纪初，博士成为基本条件。那时获得大学教职，就是长期饭碗，意味着一辈子稳定了，所以这是每一个读书人所期望的。但从管理方来说，却很是头疼，因为每个专业方向的教师是定员的，留下后才发现不适合、不能胜任，却又不能让他离开，还要保障他有课可上，直到退休，所以一旦“进错人”，很可能二三十年内这个专业方向基本上塌了。刚毕业的年轻人，其实看不清是否真的想做学问、真能做出学问，到副教授这个层次，便不易走眼了。我初到日本，看到他们的晋升制度，结合我们的博士招生数量，觉得我们也很快会走这条路。果然，2010年之后，我们的重点大学的主流学科就原则上不再进讲师了，主要岗位变为从副教授开始（特殊专业或较弱专业除外）。但大多数年轻人并未对此做好应有的心理准备。
It’s Day Six of the war with Iran. Israel and Iran continue to exchange missile strikes. Iran said its navy hit a tanker in the north of the Arabian Gulf. U.K. authorities confirmed the hit. That’s significant because the tanker was far from the Strait of Hormuz, which has been the main focus of concern so far. A U.S. submarine torpedoed an Iranian ship in the Indian Ocean, and Sri Lankan authorities are retrieving dozens of bodies. The war is draining the global supply of Patriot missiles needed by Ukraine for its defense against Russia. Nonetheless, Ukraine said it could offer the U.S. interceptor drones to fend off attacks from Iranian Shahed drones. Italy said it would send air defense equipment to Gulf nations being attacked. Azerbaijan says it was attacked by two Iranian drones. That brings to 17 the number of countries drawn into the conflict so far, by Fortune’s count: Iran, Israel, the U.S., the U.K., Qatar, UAE, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Azerbaijan, Italy, Bahrain, Oman, Lebanon, Jordan, Cyprus, France, and Germany.
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